1421:CHINA DISCOVERED THE WORLD 1421中国发现世界 fb2 免费 lrf 下载 kindle azw3 pdf 阿里云

Compelling evidence that the Chinese were the first great maritime explorers -- not the Europeans. Rewrite the history books!

In 1421, the largest fleet the world had ever seen sailed from its base in China. The ships, huge junks nearly 500 feet long and built from the finest teak, were under the command of Emperor Zhu Di?s loyal eunuch admirals. Their mission was to proceed all the way to the end of the earth to collect tribute from the barbarians beyond the seas and unite the whole world in Confucian harmony. Their journey would last over two years and circle the globe.

When they returned, Zhu Di had lost power and China was beginning its long, self-imposed isolation from the world. The great ships rotted and the records of their journeys were destroyed. Lost was the knowledge that Chinese ships had reached America 70 years before Columbus and circumnavigated the globe a century before Magellan. They had also discovered Antarctica, reached Australia 350 years before Cook, and solved the problem of longitude 300 years before the Europeans.

In this fascinating historical detective story, Gavin Menzies shares the remarkable account of his discoveries and the incontrovertible evidence supporting them.

LIST OF MAPS AND DIAGRAMS

LIST OF PLATES

CHINESE NOMENCLATURE

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

I lmperial China

1 THE EMPEROR'S GRAND PLAN

2 A THUNDERBOLT STRIKES

3 THE FLEETS SET SAIl

II The Cuiding Stars

4 ROUNDING THE CAPE

5 THE NEW WORLD

III The Voyage of Hong Bsao

6 VOYAGE TO ANTARCTICA AND AUSTRALIA

IV The Voyage of Zhou Man

7 AUSTRALIA

8 THE BARRIER REEF AND THE SPICE ISLANDS

9 THE FIRST COLONY IN THE AMERICAS

10 COLONIES IN CENTRAL AMERICA

V The Voyage of Zhou Wen

11 SATNAS ISLAND

12 THE TREASURE FLEET RUNS AGROUND

13 SETTLEMENT IN NORTH AMERICA

14 EXPEDITION TO THE NORTH POLE

VI The Voyage of Yang Qing

VII Portugal inherits the Crown

EPILOGUE THE CHINESE LEGACY

POSTSCRIPT

APPENDICES

NOTES

INDEX

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