欧洲文化入门(附复习指南高等学校教学用书) fb2 免费 lrf 下载 kindle azw3 pdf 阿里云

《欧洲文化入门》是一本中国大学英语系的教科书，为了教学需要而编写的。学习英语的中国大学生在阅读英文书刊和同英语国家人士的交往中，往往感到由于缺乏欧洲文化知识而增加了许多困难。英语中有数不清的典故、名言、成语、人名、地名等等来自古希腊罗马的哲学、文学、历史著作，希伯莱的圣经，文艺复兴时期的艺术创作或者牵涉到各时期思想、科技、政治、社会方面的重要事件和人物。如果对这些所知无多，读书未必全懂，对谈也难顺利。而一旦对这些有了较多知识，则不仅了解程度会提高，而且由于通过文化来学习语言，语言也会学得更好。

Introduction

1. Uses of the Subject

2. Two Major Elements in European Culture

DIVSION ONE GREEK CULTURE AND ROMAN CULTURE

Ⅰ. Greek Culture

1. The Historical Context

2. Social and Political Structure

3. Homer

4. Lyric Poetry

5. Drama

a. Aeschylus(525-456 B. C.)

b. Sophocles(496-406 B. C.)

c. Euripides(484-406 B. C.)

d. Comedy

6. History

a. Herodotus (484-430 B. C.)

b. Thucydides(about 460-404 B. C.)

7. Philosophy and Science

a. Socrates

b. Plato

c. Aristotle

d. Contending Schools of Thought

e. Science

8. Art, Architecture, Sculpture and Pottery

a. Art

b. Architecture

c. Sculpture

i. Discus Thrower

ii. Venus de Milo

iii. Laocoon group about 125 B. C.

d. Pottery

9. Impact

a. Spirit of Innovation

b. Supreme Achievement

c. Lasting Effect

Question for Revision

Ⅱ. Roman Culture

1. Romans and Greeks

2. Roman History

3. Latin Literature

a. Prose

i. Marcus Tullius Cicero (106-43 B. C.)

ii. Julius Caesar (102100?-44 B. C.)

b. Poetry

i. Lucretius (about 93-50 B. C.)

ii. Virgil (70-19 B.C.)

4. Architecture, Painting and Sculpture

……

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A little learning is a dangerous thing; Drink deep, or taste not the Pierian spring. There shallow draughts intoxicate the brain, And drinking largely sobers us again. -Alexander Pope

Four years later he took his degree, and became a mathematic teacher. But Newton was not a very successful teacher. It is said that few students went to his lectures and fewer could understand him. Sometimes he had so few auditors that he read his lectures to the wall.

Then say not man's imperfect, Heaven in fault; Say rather, man's as perfect as he ought: His knowledge measured to his state and place, His time a moment, and a point his space. (An Essay on Man, Alexander Pope)

Not the truth of which a man is - or believes himself to be - possessed, but the sincere effort he has made to reach it, make the worth of a man. For not through the possession, but through the investigation, of truth does he develop those energies in which alone consists his evergrowing perfection. Possession makes the mind stagnant, indolent, proud. If God held enclosed in His right hand all truth, and in His left hand simply the ever-moving impulse toward truth, although with the condition that I should eternally err, and said to me, 'Choose!' I should humbly bow before His left hand, and say, 'Father, give!' Pure truth is for Thee alone. (Lessing: Samtline Schriften)

书籍介绍

《欧洲文化入门》是一本中国大学英语系的教科书，为了教学需要而编写的。学习英语的中国大学生在阅读英文书刊和同英语国家人士的交往中，往往感到由于缺乏欧洲文化知识而增加了许多困难。英语中有数不清的典故、名言、成语、人名、地名等等来自古希腊罗马的哲学、文学、历史著作，希伯莱的圣经，文艺复兴时期的艺术创作或者牵涉到各时期思想、科技、政治、社会方面的重要事件和人物。如果对这些所知无多，读书未必全懂，对谈也难顺利。而一旦对这些有了较多知识，则不仅了解程度会提高，而且由于通过文化来学习语言，语言也会学得更好。