X射线晶体学基础（第二版）（英文版） fb2 免费 lrf 下载 kindle azw3 pdf 阿里云

Fundamentals of X-Ray Crystallography is the

condensation and crystallization of the author's over 50 years of

scientific research and teaching experience. In order to help

readers to understand crystallography theory, to establish vivid

three dimensional concepts of symmetry operations, simple geometry

concepts and methods are employed in the analysis and derivation of

the symmetry principles and diffraction theory in this book. This

book is divided into three sections: fundamental principle of

geometric crystallography, symmetry principle in the microscopic

space and fundamental principles of crystal X-ray diffraction.In

Section I and Section II, with the application of consistency

principle between the distribution of general symmetry equivalent

points and the spatial symmetry,the macroscopic and microscopic

symmetry and their combinations are intensively analyzed and

discussed. The 32 point groups and 230 microscopic symmetry

combinations are systematically derived as well. In Section III,

based on the relation between crystal lattice and its reciprocal

lattice, the mathematical model of reciprocal lattice, Ewald sphere

and their relations are adopted in the elucidation of Laue Equation

and Bragg Reflection Equation. Several important single crystal

diffraction measurement methods, instruments and their applications

are also illustrated. In addition, through the principles of

systematic absence of reciprocal lattice caused by microscopic

translations, the systematic absence principle of diffraction is

illustrated. The 120 diffraction groups are derived as well.

Foreword to the 2nd Edition

Foreword to the 1st Edition

Preface of the 1st Edition

Section Ⅰ Fundamental Principles of Geometric Crystallography

  Chapter 1 Principal Characteristics of Crystalline

Solids

    1.1.1 Periodicity of internal crystal

structure

    1.1.2 Space lattice and crystal lattice

    1.1.3 Other basic properties of crystal

  Chapter 2 The Identity Theorem of the Facial Angle

    1.2.1 Apparent crystal face and actual crystal

face

    1.2.2 Identity of the crystal faces angles

    1.2.3 Crystal projections

  Chapter 3 Principles of Crystal Symmetry

    1.3.1 Symmetry and symmetry in crystals

    1.3.2 Identity,symmetry center,and reflection

plane

    1.3.3 Symmetry axis(rotation symmetry

axis)

    1.3.4 Rotoinversion axes Lni

    1.3.5 Rotoreflection axes Lns

  Chapter 4 Combination of Symmetry Elements

    1.4.1 Symmetry element combinations without the

generation of higher-fold rotation axes

    1.4.2 Symmetry element combinations involving

only 1 higher-fold axis

    1.4.3 Intersection of higher-fold axes with

symmetry planes in a perpendicular position

  Chapter 5 Symmetry Combinations Allowed in Crystals

    1.5.1 Symmetry combinations involving no more

than 1 higher-fold axis

    1.5.2 Combination of symmetry axes involving

more than 1 higher-fold axis

    1.5.3 Combination of symmetry axes involving

more than one high-fold axis with one symmetry plane

  Chapter 6 Orientation of Crystals and Crystal Systems

    1.6.1 Zone and zone axis

    1.6.2 Orientation of Crystals

    1.6.3 Classification of Crystal Systems

  Chapter 7 Crystal Face Indices and Crystal Edge

Indices

    1.7.1 Crystal Face Indices

    1.7.2 Crystal Edge Indices

    1.7.3 Relationship Between Edge Indices and Face

Indices

  Chapter 8 The Equivalent Point Set

    1.8.1 The General and Special Equivalent Points

sets

    1.8.2 Orientation of the international notations

of point groups

    1.8.3 The deduction of coordinates for

equivalent point sets

    1.8.4 Numbers and coordinates of the equivalent

points in equivalent point sets

  Chapter 9 Monomorphous crystal forms, composite crystal

forms, and their examples

    1.9.1 Monomorphous crystal form

    1.9.2 Composite crystal form

Section Ⅱ Symmetry Principle of Microscopic Space

  Chapter 1 Translation in Microscopic Space

    2.1.1 Periodic Translation

    2.1.2 Translation Symmetry Operation

    2.1.3 Non-primitive translation

  Chapter 2 Symmetry Elements in Microscopic Space

    2.2.1 Characteristics of symmetry elements in

microscopic space

    2.2.2 The glide symmetry planes

    2.2.3 The screw symmetry axis

    2.2.4 Coordinates of symmetry equivalent points

in various screw axes

  Chapter 3 Combinations of Microscopic Symmetry Elements and

Periodic Translations

    2.3.1 Combination of the nonhigh-fold axis of

microscopic symmetry elements and the periodic translation

    2.3.2 Combination of a 4-fold axis and the

periodic translation

    2.3.3 Combination of a 3-fold axis and the

periodic translation

    2.3.4 Combination of 6-fold axis and periodic

translation

  Chapter 4 Combination of Symmetry Elements in Microscopic

Space

    2.4.1 General properties of "combination of

symmetry elements in microscopic space

    2.4.2 Perpendicular intersection between the

symmetry axis and the symmetry plane

    2.4.3 Intersections between symmetry

planes

    2.4.4 Combination between 2-fold axes

    2.4.5 Non-perpendicular intersection between

2-fold axes and symmetry planes

  Chapter 5 Fourteen Bravais Lattices

    2.5.1 Selection of the unit lattice,primitive

lattice,and nonprimitive lattice

    2.5.2 Fourteen Bravais lattices

    2.5.3 R lattice in the trigonal crystal

system

    2.5.4 The [-110] orientation in the Bravais

lattice of the tetragonal crystal system and [100] and [120]

orientations in the Bravais lattice of the hexagonal crystal

system

  Chapter 6 Combinations of Microscopic Symmetry Elements and

Nonprimitive Translations

    2.6.1 Combinations of symmetry center and

nonprimitive translations

    2.6.2 Combination of symmetry planes and

nonprimitive translations

    2.6.3 Glide plane d in a nonprimitive

lattice

    2.6.4 Combination of a 2-fold axis and

nonprimitive translation

    2.6.5 Combination of a 4-fold axis and a

nonprimitive translation

    2.6.6 Three-fold axes in the cubic crystal

system

  Chapter 7 Deduction of the Spatial Symmetry Groups

    2.7.1 Selection principles of the origin in the

coordinate system

    2.7.2 International notation of the spatial

symmetry group

    2.7.3 Principles for the deduction of the 230

space groups

    2.7.4 Transposition and rotation of coordinate

axes and transformation of space group notation

    2.7.5 Space groups of the triclinic crystal

system and the monoclinic crystal system

    2.7.6 Space groups of the orthorhombic crystal

system

    2.7.7 Space groups of the tetragonal crystal

system

    2.7.8 Space groups of the hexagonal crystal

system

    2.7.9 Space groups of the trigonal crystal

system

    2.7.10 Space groups of the cubic crystal

system

    2.7.11 Deduction of equivalent point systems

from the international notation for space groups

Section Ⅲ Fundamental Principles of Crystal X-ray Diffraction

  Chapter 1 Generation and Basic Characteristics of

X-rays

    3.1.1 Generation of X-rays

    3.1.2 Basic characteristics of X-rays

  Chapter 2 The Crystal Lattice and the Reciprocal

Lattice

    3.2.1 Establishment of the reciprocal

lattice

    3.2.2 Mathematical expression of the crystal

lattice and the reciprocal lattice

    3.2.3 Example of the crystal lattice and the

reciprocal lattice

    3.2.4 Unit cell and reciprocal unit cell of the

crystal lattice

  Chapter 3 Nonprimitive Crystal Lattice and Its Reciprocal

Lattice

    3.3.I Two-dimensional point planes in crystal

lattice and their reciprocal lattice point planes

    3.3.2 The primitive lattice and the reciprocal

lattice of a crystal

    3.3.3 Face-centered C lattice and the reciprocal

lattice of a crystal

    3.3.4 Body-centered I lattice and the reciprocal

lattice of a crystal

    3.3.5 The all-faces-centered F lattice and the

reciprocal lattice of a crystal

    3.3.6 The principle of the partial lattice

points' systematic absence in a nonprimitive crystal lattice

  Chapter 4 X-ray Diffraction in Crystals

    3.4.1 The Laue equation

    3.4.2 Expression of the Laue equation in a

reflection sphere

    3.4.3 The Bragg equation

    3.4.4 Diffraction of non-elementary substance

structures

  Chapter 5 Diffraction Sphere and Diffraction Space

    3.5.1 Reciprocal latticeand reflection

sphere

    3.5.2 Upper limit of the diffraction

    3.5.3 Symmetry of a diffraction space

    3.5.4 Systematic extinction of diffractions

caused by translation characteristics

    3.5.5 The 120 diffraction groups

    3.5.6 Symmetric equivalence of diffractions in

diffraction space

    3.5.7 Transformation among diffraction indices

of symmetry equivalence in diffraction space

    3.5.8 Diffraction of real crystals

  Chapter 6 Method and Fundamental Principle of Single-crystal

Diffraction

    3.6.1 The Laue method

    3.6.2 The Oscillation method

    3.6.3 The Weissenberg method

    3.6.4 The Precession method

    3.6.5 Fundamental principles of the 4-circle

diffractometer

Figure Caption Index

Table Title Index

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　　This book, which covers the essence of crystallography,

crystal structure analysis,protein crystallography, may be served

as the fundamental reading material for undergraduate and

postgraduate students who pursue the crystallography major,and it

also can be used as the reference book for researchers majored in

crystallography.